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Toward a framework for defective emotion processing in social phobia.

Erno J Hermans1, Jack van Honk

  • 1Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. E.Hermans@fss.uu.nl

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
|March 14, 2007
PubMed
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Social phobia (SP) may be an evolutionary developmental disorder linked to socioemotional regulation. Early childhood precursors and fear circuit hyperexcitability are key to understanding its development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Evolutionary Psychiatry

Background:

  • Social phobia (SP) is explored as a developmental disorder.
  • Focuses on brain mechanisms regulating socioemotional behavior.
  • An evolutionary perspective is adopted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline an evolutionary approach to understanding social phobia.
  • To integrate cognitive, neuronal, and endocrine correlates of SP.
  • To investigate the developmental origins of SP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cognitive, neuronal, and endocrine correlates.
  • Integrative approach combining multiple disciplines.
  • Analysis of functional neuroanatomy and neuroendocrinology in SP.

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Main Results:

  • SP patients exhibit a stable neuroanatomical and neuroendocrine profile.
  • This profile correlates with cognitive attentional abnormalities.
  • Identified precursors in early childhood.

Conclusions:

  • SP is proposed as the human equivalent of primate subordination stress.
  • Distorted cognitions in SP may stem from hyperexcitable fear circuits.
  • A diathesis model is supported, with early-onset fear circuit activity being primary.