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Establishment of a Primary Culture of Patient-derived Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Published on: April 11, 2018
Emerging drugs for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas
Philippe A Cassier1, Armelle Dufresne, Jérôme Fayette
1Unité de Jour Oncologie Médicale Multidisciplinaire, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.
Abstract:
Soft tissue sarcomas are rare cancers of mesenchymal origin. Recent progress in the understanding of the biology of these rare tumours has enabled the identification of distinct molecular and pathological entities within this heterogenous group of neoplasms, and has paved the way for the development of targeted therapeutics directed against activated kinases. One of the most clear examples is the identification of KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha kinase mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumours, a subset of sarcomas arising from precursors of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the digestive tract, which led to the development of imatinib, sunitinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumours. This model has become the paradigm of a targeted treatment of solid tumours designed to inhibit the causal alteration in the oncogenesis of these tumours. This review summarises treatment strategies in the context of advanced disease and discusses new compounds being developed for patients with soft tissue sarcomas.
Insights
Soft tissue sarcomas, rare cancers, are increasingly understood at a molecular level. This understanding is driving targeted therapies, like kinase inhibitors, for advanced disease treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- Soft tissue sarcomas are rare, heterogeneous cancers originating from mesenchymal cells.
- Advances in understanding sarcoma biology have identified distinct molecular subtypes.
- This knowledge facilitates the development of targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current treatment strategies for advanced soft tissue sarcomas.
- To discuss emerging therapeutic compounds for soft tissue sarcoma patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on soft tissue sarcoma biology and treatment.
- Analysis of targeted therapies, including kinase inhibitors.
- Summary of ongoing research and development of new compounds.
Main Results:
- Identification of specific molecular alterations, such as KIT mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
- Development of targeted drugs like imatinib and sunitinib, demonstrating successful targeted therapy.
- Establishment of a paradigm for treating solid tumors by inhibiting oncogenic drivers.
Conclusions:
- Targeted therapies based on molecular alterations represent a paradigm shift in soft tissue sarcoma treatment.
- Ongoing research is crucial for developing novel compounds to improve outcomes for advanced soft tissue sarcoma.
- Personalized medicine approaches are key to managing this rare cancer group.
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