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Pathophysiologic mechanisms in REM sleep behavior disorder.

Mark W Mahowald1, Carlos H Schenck, Michel A Cramer Bornemann

  • 1Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA. mahow002@umn.edu

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|March 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) involves acting out dreams due to a lack of muscle paralysis during REM sleep. This condition often precedes neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and is treatable with clonazepam.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is characterized by muscle atonia, preventing dream enactment.
  • REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is defined by the absence of this muscle paralysis.

Observation:

  • Individuals with RBD exhibit dream-enacting behaviors, which can be violent or injurious.
  • RBD predominantly affects men over 50.
  • RBD is linked to narcolepsy and can be triggered by certain medications.

Findings:

  • A significant majority of RBD patients develop synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy.
  • This neurodegenerative progression often occurs over a decade after RBD onset.

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Implications:

  • RBD serves as a potential early biomarker for synucleinopathies.
  • Understanding RBD mechanisms may offer insights into neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
  • Effective treatment with clonazepam is available for RBD symptoms.