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Onychomycosis in eastern Nepal.

Arun Agarwalla1, Sudha Agrawal, Basudha Khanal

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Marwari Maternity Hospital, Adhgaon, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Nepal Medical College Journal : NMCJ
|March 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Onychomycosis, a common fungal nail infection, is prevalent in eastern Nepal, with dermatophytes like Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum being the most frequent causes. Distolateral subungual onychomycosis was the most common clinical presentation observed in the study.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Onychomycosis accounts for up to 50% of all nail diseases.
  • While dermatophytes are common, yeasts and molds are increasingly identified as pathogens.
  • Understanding the clinical and mycological patterns is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinical and mycological patterns of onychomycosis in eastern Nepal.
  • To identify the most common causative fungi and clinical presentations.
  • To provide data for targeted interventions in the region.

Main Methods:

  • A one-year study enrolled 82 patients with clinically diagnosed onychomycosis.
  • Nail clippings and skin scrapings were collected for microscopy and fungal culture.

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  • Patients attended the Dermatology Outpatient department of a tertiary hospital.

    • Main Results:

    • The most affected age group was 21-40 years, with a male to female ratio of 2.7:1.
    • Distolateral subungual onychomycosis (67%) was the most common clinical type.
    • Trichophyton mentagrophytes (28.8%) and Trichophyton rubrum (21.2%) were the most frequently isolated fungi.

    Conclusions:

    • Distolateral subungual onychomycosis is the predominant clinical form in eastern Nepal.
    • Trichophyton species are the leading mycological causes of onychomycosis in this region.
    • Findings highlight the need for specific diagnostic and treatment strategies for onychomycosis in eastern Nepal.