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Exchange interaction between single magnetic adatoms.

P Wahl1, P Simon, L Diekhöner

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|March 16, 2007
PubMed
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We studied magnetic coupling in cobalt atoms on copper surfaces using Kondo resonance. The coupling transitions from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic as atom distance increases, forming collective states with more atoms.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Surface Science
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Single adatoms on surfaces exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties.
  • Kondo resonance is a key phenomenon in understanding magnetic impurities interacting with conduction electrons.
  • Understanding adatom magnetic coupling is crucial for developing novel magnetic materials and devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the magnetic coupling between single Cobalt (Co) atoms adsorbed on a copper (Cu) surface.
  • To probe the influence of interatomic distance on magnetic coupling using Kondo resonance.
  • To explore the formation of collective correlated states with multiple adatoms.

Main Methods:

  • Low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy (LT-STM) was employed to probe the Kondo resonance.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The electronic properties of single Co atoms and dimers on a Cu substrate were analyzed.
  • Interatomic distances were systematically varied to observe changes in magnetic coupling.

    • Main Results:

    • The Kondo resonance signature was observed and analyzed for single Co atoms and dimers.
    • An oscillatory transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic coupling was identified as the interatomic distance increased from 2.56 to 8.1 Å.
    • The addition of a third Co atom to an antiferromagnetically coupled dimer led to the emergence of a collective correlated state.

    Conclusions:

    • The magnetic coupling between Co adatoms on Cu is distance-dependent and exhibits oscillatory behavior.
    • Kondo resonance is a sensitive probe for characterizing magnetic interactions at the atomic scale.
    • Multiple interacting adatoms can form complex correlated states with distinct electronic properties.