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Turnaround in cyclic cosmology.

Lauris Baum1, Paul H Frampton

  • 1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|March 16, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Dark energy may enable cyclic cosmologies by allowing universes to contract and reset, reconciling this with thermodynamic laws. This model proposes a universe that shrinks, spawning new universes before expanding again.

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Thermodynamics
  • Theoretical Physics

Background:

  • The standard Big Bang model faces challenges reconciling cyclic universe theories with the second law of thermodynamics.
  • Dark energy's role in cosmic evolution, particularly its equation of state, is a key area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore a cyclic cosmology model that incorporates dark energy with an equation of state w < -1.
  • To investigate how such a model can reconcile an infinitely cyclic universe with the second law of thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Speculative modeling of a brane world scenario.
  • Describing a cyclic cosmological model with specific dark energy properties (w < -1).
  • Analyzing the behavior of universe volume and entropy during contraction and expansion phases.

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Main Results:

  • A cyclic model is proposed where dark energy drives a turnaround before a Big Rip.
  • This turnaround involves a significant decrease in the universe's volume and entropy.
  • The process spawns numerous smaller, contracting universes, with entropy decreasing near zero before increasing during subsequent phases.

Conclusions:

  • Dark energy with w < -1 offers a potential mechanism for reconciling cyclic cosmologies with thermodynamic principles.
  • The proposed model suggests a universe that undergoes cycles of contraction and expansion, resetting its entropy.
  • This framework provides a novel perspective on the universe's ultimate fate and cyclical nature.