Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
Graphing the Wave Function01:13

Graphing the Wave Function

Consider the wave equation for a sinusoidal wave moving in the positive x-direction. The wave equation is a function of both position and time. From the wave equation, two different graphs can be plotted.
Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform01:07

Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform

The concept of effective value, the root mean square (RMS) value, is crucial in understanding electrical circuits and power delivery. This idea emerges from the necessity to measure the effectiveness of a voltage or current source in supplying power to a resistive load.
The effective value of a periodic current represents the direct current (DC) that conveys the same average power to a resistor as the periodic current itself. This concept is crucial when assessing AC circuits. To determine the...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.
Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution01:21

Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution

The work done to bring a charge through a distance r is given by the potential difference between the initial and the final position. To assemble a collection of point charges, the total work done can be expressed in terms of the product of each pair of charges divided by their separation distance, defined with respect to a suitable origin. Solving this expression gives the energy stored in a point charge distribution.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A one-electron perspective on dative and ionic bonding.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Chemical Information From the Ehrenfest Force Field Based on Reduced Density Matrix Functional Theory.

Journal of computational chemistry·2026
Same author

Localization and Delocalization in Solids from Electron Distribution Functions.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2022
Same author

Questioning the orbital picture of magnetic spin coupling: a real space alternative.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2021
Same author

Local spin and open quantum systems: clarifying misconceptions, unifying approaches.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2021
Same author

Electronegativity equalization: taming an old problem with new tools.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Electron number probability distributions for correlated wave functions.

E Francisco1, A Martín Pendás, M A Blanco

  • 1Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain. evelio@carbono.quimica.uniovi.es

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|March 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a new algebraic method to calculate the probability of finding electrons in specific volumes for complex molecular systems. This extends previous work, enabling more accurate quantum chemical calculations.

More Related Videos

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Computational Chemistry
  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Theoretical Chemistry

Background:

  • Efficient formulas for electron probability calculations are limited to single-determinant wave functions.
  • Calculating electron distribution in molecules is crucial for understanding chemical properties.
  • Previous methods lacked the ability to handle complex, multideterminant wave functions and multiple volumes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an algebraic method extending electron probability calculations to multideterminant wave functions.
  • To enable calculations for any number of disjoint volumes within a molecular system.
  • To apply these formulas to atomic domains defined by the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM).

Main Methods:

  • An algebraic method was derived to extend existing probability formulas.
  • The method was applied to compute electron probabilities within QTAIM atomic domains.
  • Calculations were performed for various test molecules to validate the approach.

Main Results:

  • The presented algebraic method successfully extends electron probability calculations to multideterminant wave functions.
  • Probabilities were computed within QTAIM-defined atomic domains for several molecules.
  • The study highlights the impact of electron correlation and numerical approximations on computed probabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The new method provides a robust way to calculate electron probabilities for complex wave functions.
  • This advancement allows for more accurate characterization of electron distribution in molecules.
  • The findings are significant for theoretical chemistry and computational modeling of chemical systems.