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Chloramphenicol toxicity associated with severe cardiac dysfunction.

C R Suarez1, E P Ow

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153.

Pediatric Cardiology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Severe chloramphenicol toxicity in an infant caused cardiovascular collapse and impaired heart function. Prompt clearance of the antibiotic led to full recovery, highlighting cardiac involvement in this serious condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.
  • High serum levels of chloramphenicol can lead to severe toxicity.
  • Infants are particularly vulnerable to adverse drug reactions.

Observation:

  • A 9-month-old infant presented with severe chloramphenicol toxicity.
  • Echocardiography revealed cardiovascular collapse, cardiomyopathic changes, and impaired left ventricular function.
  • The infant developed liver disease and coagulopathy.

Findings:

  • High serum chloramphenicol levels (313 micrograms/ml) correlated with cardiac dysfunction.
  • Cardiac findings resolved as chloramphenicol levels decreased.
  • Complete patient recovery was achieved.

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Implications:

  • Impaired cardiac function is a key factor in chloramphenicol toxicity pathogenesis and outcomes.
  • Childhood chloramphenicol toxicity has a high mortality rate (40%).
  • Close monitoring of cardiac function is crucial in cases of suspected chloramphenicol toxicity.