Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026
05:34
5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
Published on: April 4, 2025
Earnings and chronic renal disease
M R Godoy1, G Balbinotto Neto, E P Ribeiro
1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. marciargodoy@hotmail.com
Transplantation Proceedings
|March 17, 2007
Summary
Chronic renal disease (CRD) disproportionately affects lower-income Brazilians, causing significant income loss. This study highlights the economic impact of CRD on vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Economics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Global rise in chronic renal disease (CRD) patients, notably in Brazil.
- CRD impacts public expenditure and has broader economic implications.
- CRD predominantly affects individuals in their most productive years (15-49).
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify income losses associated with CRD in Brazil.
- Utilized data from the 1998 Brazilian National Household Survey (PNAD).
Main Methods:
- Employed two econometric techniques: ordinary least squares and quantile regression.
- Analyzed the relationship between CRD and income.
Main Results:
- CRD incidence is higher in lower-income groups and among those with less education.
- Individuals with one year of schooling had nearly five times the CRD incidence compared to those with 14 years.
- CRD was associated with an average 11% reduction in income.
Conclusions:
- Poorer populations bear a greater burden from CRD.
- The high incidence in lower socioeconomic strata necessitates targeted prevention and health interventions for CRD patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
01:28Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
01:18Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of fluid...
01:25Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant
In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...