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Breath-holding spells in childhood
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030.
American Journal of Diseases of Children (1960)
|January 11, 1992
Summary
Childhood breath-holding spells, common in healthy children, involve autonomic nervous system dysregulation. These episodes can lead to temporary cerebral anoxia and loss of consciousness.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neurology
- Autonomic Nervous System
Background:
- Breath-holding spells are a common pediatric phenomenon.
- They manifest in cyanotic and pallid forms.
- These spells have been historically documented for centuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize clinical and epidemiologic aspects of breath-holding spells.
- To delineate underlying respiratory and neural physiologic interactions.
- To outline practical treatment approaches.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
- Analysis of clinical presentations and epidemiological data.
- Delineation of physiological mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Identified two primary clinical forms: cyanotic and pallid.
- Implicated autonomic nervous system dysregulation in pathogenesis.
- Cerebral anoxia identified as the cause of unconsciousness in severe spells.
Conclusions:
- Breath-holding spells are linked to autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
- Understanding the pathophysiology aids in management.
- Practical treatment strategies can be derived from physiological insights.