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Cranial growth in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus): a quantitative analysis using three dimensional coordinate

B D Corner1, J T Richtsmeier

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) craniofacial growth shows minimal sexual dimorphism. Key growth areas include the anterior neurocranium, cranial base, and palate, with subtle differences between sexes.

Area of Science:

  • Primatology
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Morphometrics

Background:

  • Advancements in 3D data acquisition enable detailed analysis of biological specimens.
  • Understanding craniofacial development is crucial for evolutionary and functional studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate craniofacial form changes during growth in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).
  • To assess sexual dimorphism in the craniofacial complex across developmental stages.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired 3D coordinates of 44 homologous landmarks from 104 squirrel monkey crania.
  • Utilized Euclidean distance matrix analysis (EDMA) and finite element scaling analysis (FESA).
  • Sorted specimens by sex and dental age groups for comparative analysis.

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Main Results:

  • Both sexes exhibit overall slight cranial growth, with significant localized growth in the anterior neurocranium, basicranium, and anterior palate.
  • Craniofacial form differences between sexes (sexual dimorphism) are minimal throughout development.
  • The orbitonasal region, cranial base, and palate show the most pronounced sexual dimorphism.

Conclusions:

  • Squirrel monkey craniofacial development is characterized by localized growth hotspots rather than uniform expansion.
  • Sexual dimorphism in the squirrel monkey skull is subtle, with specific regions displaying slightly greater divergence between sexes.