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Fetal MMP2/MMP9 polymorphisms and intrauterine growth restriction risk

Sandrine Gremlich1, Daniel Nguyen, Danielle Reymondin

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, CHUV Hospital, Av. Pierre-Decker 2, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Journal of Reproductive Immunology
|March 21, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Fetal MMP2 gene variations, specifically the C-1306T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), are linked to an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). However, MMP9 gene mutations showed no association with IUGR.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Obstetrics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Poor embryo implantation can cause feto-maternal exchange issues and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
  • Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 are crucial for early embryo implantation.
  • Functional polymorphisms in MMP2 (C-1306T) and MMP9 (C-1562T, CA repeat) are known.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between fetal genotypes of MMP2 and MMP9 gene polymorphisms and the occurrence of IUGR.

Main Methods:

  • Amniotic fluid samples were collected from 44 IUGR cases and 98 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) controls.
  • Fetal DNA was analyzed for MMP2 C-1306T, MMP9 C-1562T, and MMP9 (CA)n repeat polymorphisms using PCR and genetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • The fetal MMP2 C-1306T mutation rate was significantly higher in the IUGR group compared to the AGA group (P=0.001).
  • Carriers of CT (OR=3.603) and TT (OR=3.391) genotypes for MMP2 C-1306T had an increased risk of IUGR.
  • No significant differences in allele frequencies or genotype distributions were observed for MMP9 C-1562T and MMP9 (CA)n between IUGR and AGA groups.

Conclusions:

  • The fetal MMP2 -1306 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
  • MMP9 gene polymorphisms (-1562 SNP and CA repeat) are not associated with IUGR risk.

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