Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...

Vitamins

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...

Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Survodutide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Adults with Obesity.

The New England journal of medicine·2026

Same author

Tirzepatide for maintenance of bodyweight reduction in people with obesity in the USA (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Lancet (London, England)·2026

Same author

Weekly Subcutaneous VK2735, a GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Dual Agonist, for Weight Management: Phase 2, Randomized, 13-Week VENTURE Study.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)·2026

Same author

Correction: Quality of life improvements associated with weight loss using a novel shape-shifting hydrogel capsule: RESET study results.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2025

Same author

Quality of life improvements associated with weight loss using a novel shape-shifting hydrogel capsule: RESET study results.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2025

Same author

Tirzepatide for the Maintenance of Body Weight Reduction: Rationale, Design, and Baseline Characteristics of SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Published on: August 10, 2021

Safety considerations with niacin therapy.

John R Guyton¹, Harold E Bays

¹Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. john.guyton@duke.edu

The American Journal of Cardiology

|March 21, 2007

Summary

Niacin effectively reduces cardiovascular events but is underused due to perceived side effects. Evidence shows most side effects are minor or rare, making niacin a safe cardiovascular risk reduction tool.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Niacin offers significant benefits for plasma lipoproteins and cardiovascular event reduction.
Widespread clinical use of niacin is hindered by concerns over its side effects.
Understanding niacin's side effect profile is crucial for patient education and adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evidence regarding niacin's side effects.
To clarify the risks associated with niacin use in clinical practice.
To address the underutilization of niacin for cardiovascular risk reduction.

Main Methods:

Review of existing clinical evidence and trial data on niacin's adverse effects.
Analysis of reported side effects including cutaneous flushing, hepatic toxicity, and myopathy.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Published on: August 10, 2021

Evaluation of niacin's impact on glycemic control and laboratory parameters.

Main Results:

Cutaneous flushing is a common but manageable side effect.
Serious hepatic toxicity is rare and linked to unregulated supplements.
Niacin's impact on glucose levels is generally minor, and it can be safely used in diabetic patients.
Myopathy is not supported as a general effect of niacin, even with statin combination therapy.
Most laboratory abnormalities are clinically insignificant.

Conclusions:

The perceived side effects of niacin are often exaggerated compared to the actual clinical evidence.
Niacin is a safe and valuable medication for cardiovascular risk reduction.
Improved patient education can enhance adherence and overcome underutilization.