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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Ethanol-Induced Cervical Sympathetic Ganglion Block Applications for Promoting Canine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Regeneration Using an Artificial Nerve
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Ethanol-Induced Cervical Sympathetic Ganglion Block Applications for Promoting Canine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Regeneration Using an Artificial Nerve

Published on: November 30, 2018

The effects of hemostatic agents on peripheral nerve function: an experimental study.

Alper Alkan1, Samet Inal, Mehmet Yildirim

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|March 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Bovine collagen is the most suitable hemostatic agent for peripheral nerves, showing no adverse effects on nerve function. Oxidized regenerated cellulose caused temporary nerve conduction changes, while gelatine sponge showed delayed effects.

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In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of the Rat Ulnar Nerve with Axonal Excitability Testing
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Ethanol-Induced Cervical Sympathetic Ganglion Block Applications for Promoting Canine Inferior Alveolar Nerve Regeneration Using an Artificial Nerve
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In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of the Rat Ulnar Nerve with Axonal Excitability Testing
04:56

In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of the Rat Ulnar Nerve with Axonal Excitability Testing

Published on: February 6, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Hemostatic agents are crucial in surgery but can impact surrounding tissues.
  • Their proximity to peripheral nerves in oral and maxillofacial surgery necessitates evaluating their neurotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the immediate and delayed effects of four common hemostatic agents on peripheral nerve function.
  • To determine the safety and suitability of oxidized regenerated cellulose, gelatine sponge, bovine collagen, and bone wax for use near nerves.

Main Methods:

  • Sciatic nerves of 25 rats were used, divided into five groups: control, oxidized regenerated cellulose, gelatine sponge, bone wax, and bovine collagen.
  • Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and compound action potential (CAP) were recorded immediately after application and after 4 weeks.
  • Statistical analysis was performed using the Bonferroni corrected test.

Main Results:

  • Oxidized regenerated cellulose significantly reduced NCV and increased CAP at 1 hour, with no lasting effects after 4 weeks.
  • Gelatine sponge showed a significant CAP increase at 4 weeks.
  • Bovine collagen and bone wax demonstrated no significant adverse effects on NCV or CAP at either time point.

Conclusions:

  • Bovine collagen is identified as the most suitable hemostatic agent for peripheral nerve application due to its lack of neurotoxicity.
  • Oxidized regenerated cellulose and gelatine sponge may cause transient or delayed nerve function alterations.
  • Careful selection of hemostatic agents is vital to preserve peripheral nerve integrity.