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Characterizing Modulators of Protease-Activated Receptors with a Calcium Mobilization Assay Using a Plate Reader
Published on: May 24, 2024
The therapeutic potential of proteinase-activated receptors in arthritis
Kathryn A McIntosh1, Robin Plevin, William R Ferrell
1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, UK.
Abstract:
Proteinase-activated receptors are a family of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors. Activation of PARs is initiated through cleavage of the N-terminus, unmasking a tethered ligand that can then interact with the receptor and lead to its activation. PARs exhibit both anti- and pro-inflammatory properties, although recent evidence has pointed towards a detrimental role for PARs, particularly PAR-2, in arthritis. Initial research using PAR-2 knockout mice identified PAR-2 as a key mediator of chronic joint inflammation. Further research examined the role of PAR-2 in human articular cell types, demonstrating upregulation of PAR-2 in cells from an inflammatory background compared with non-inflammatory cells, with PAR-2 levels being further upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. To date, there is no clinical evidence of a role for PAR-2 in vivo in humans, although recent studies utilizing human joint tissue and articular cells are emerging.
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