[Synchronous ENT lymphoepitheliomas. Controversies on their diagnosis and treatment]

Lymphoepithelial carcinomas are characterized by proliferation of undifferentiated malignant epithelial cells together with an infiltrate of mature lymphocytes. They mainly appear in the nasopharynx but can also be encountered in other upper and lower aerodigestive sites such as oropharynx, stomach, trachea, and others. When they occur in the larynx they usually do so in the laryngeal ventricle and are characterized by protrusion of the laryngeal band, visible in laryngoscopy. They mainly metastasize to cervical lymph nodes no matter what size the tumour is and distant non-nodal metastases are not infrequent. Cases of 2 synchronous lymphoepithelial tumours in ENT regions without nodal involvement, albeit theoretically possible, are very uncommonly encountered. The very scant reports of primary laryngeal lymphoepitheliomas or only-laryngeal metastatic tumours make 2 simultaneous ENT lymphoepitheliomas an exceedingly rare form of presentation that may lead to important controversies regarding their diagnosis, staging and treatment. A case of 2 synchronous neoplasms in the larynx and cavum is reported and the most significant aspects of this uncommon feature are discussed.