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Published on: January 2, 2026
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas developing during hormone replacement therapy
Shinji Tanaka1, Toru Kawamura, Noriaki Nakamura
1Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan. shinji.msrg@tmd.ac.jp
Abstract:
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing estrogens is generally used to relieve climacteric symptoms and to prevent osteoporosis and coronary heart disease [1], however, there has been increasing evidence of the HRT as the risk of hormone-dependent neoplasms including breast cancer [2], uterine endometrial cancer [3], ovarian cancer [4], and even lung cancer [5]. Noteworthy is mucinous cyst neoplasms (MCNs) of the pancreas, characterized by mucin-producing columnar epithelium supported by "ovarian-like" mesenchymal stroma, occur mostly in females expressing estrogen receptors [6, 7]. Although several reports regarding the closed relationship between MCNs and pregnancy [8, 9] might imply potential sex hormone-dependency of the MCNs [10], no correlation has been reported. This is the first case report of malignant MCN developing during continuous HRT after hysterectomy.
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