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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...

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Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Published on: December 15, 2014

Mammographic breast density and race.

Marcela G del Carmen1, Elkan F Halpern, Daniel B Kopans

  • 1Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Yawkey 9E, Boston, MA 02114, USA. mdelcarmen@partners.org

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|March 23, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Mammographic breast density, a breast cancer risk factor, does not significantly differ by race when controlling for age and body mass index (BMI). These factors, along with bra and cup size, explain most density variations, not innate racial differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging
  • Oncology
  • Genetics and Genomics

Background:

  • Mammographic breast density is a significant risk factor for breast cancer.
  • Previous reports suggest racial differences in breast density, implying genetic and environmental influences.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare mammographic breast density across White, African American, and Asian women.
  • To investigate the correlation between breast density, race, age, body mass index (BMI), and breast/cup size.
  • To determine if observed racial differences in breast density are attributable to age and BMI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of data from 15,292 women.
  • Stepwise multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between race/ethnicity and breast density.
  • Analysis to determine if age and BMI account for racial differences in breast density.
  • Comparison of models using bra/cup size versus BMI to assess the systemic effects of breast size.

Main Results:

  • No significant mammographic breast density differences were found across racial groups beyond those explained by BMI and age.
  • When controlling for BMI and age, racial differences in breast density disappeared, except in Asian women.
  • Age, BMI, bra size, and cup size collectively accounted for most breast density variations in all groups except Asians.

Conclusions:

  • Innate mammographic breast density differences across racial groups do not explain known racial disparities in breast cancer risk.
  • Age and BMI, or age, bra size, and cup size, explain reported density differences, with exceptions in Asian women.
  • Racial differences in breast density appear to be primarily linked to variations in age and body habitus, rather than inherent racial factors.