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Mediterranean diet and depression.

A Sánchez-Villegas1, P Henríquez, M Bes-Rastrollo

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. asanchez@dcc.ulpgc.es

Public Health Nutrition
|March 24, 2007
PubMed
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The Mediterranean diet, rich in B vitamins, may help prevent depression. Folate intake was linked to lower depression risk in men, while Vitamin B12 showed a similar association in women.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Psychiatry
  • Dietary Epidemiology
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • The Mediterranean Diet is associated with adequate intake of B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids.
  • Both B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids have been suggested to play a protective role in depression.
  • Understanding nutrient-specific associations within dietary patterns is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between B-vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids intake and depression prevalence.
  • To examine potential sex-specific differences in these associations.
  • To explore the role of smoking and physical activity as effect modifiers.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 9670 participants from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) prospective cohort study.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between nutrient intake (quintiles) and depression prevalence.
  • Stratified analyses were conducted for men and women, considering smoking status and physical activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Folate intake showed an inverse association with depression prevalence in men, particularly in smokers.
    • Vitamin B12 intake was inversely associated with depression in women, especially among smokers and physically active individuals.
    • No significant associations were found between omega-3 fatty acids intake and depression prevalence in either sex.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific B vitamins, folate and B12, may contribute to depression prevention, with varying associations by sex and lifestyle factors.
    • The Mediterranean Diet, by providing these essential nutrients, supports mental well-being.
    • Further research into nutrient-specific dietary recommendations for depression prevention is warranted.