The novel botanical insecticide for the control brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal., (BPH) was the most devastating insect pest on rice in many partS of Asia. The Outbreak of BPH? which is resistant to many synthetic insecticides can cause total rice crop loss. This research was done to evaluate the efficiency of mangostin from the pericarp of mangosteen fruit extract (Garcina mangostana L.) as the alternative control of BPH. The pericarp of mangosteen fruit was extracted by Soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as a solvent and purified by chromatography method then qualified structure by 2D-NMR, MS and IR. The crude extracts contained mangostin ca. 2.956% w/w. This extract was trailed by the topical sprayer method with 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th nymph and adult BPH shows toxicity in term of LC50 ca. 1.39, 2.26, 5.44, 4.49, 4.03 and 3.84 % w/v at 24 h exposure, respectively. The in vitro enzyme activity from BPH survived after 24 h exposure and showed to inhibit the carboxylesterase (CarE), acetylchoinesterase (AchE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities which the correction factors of CarE, AchE and GST indicated ca. 1.21-2.05 fold, 1.24-2.50 fold and 1.01-3.34 fold, respectively. Moreover, the data shows that the carboxylesterase may play an important role to detoxify this extract. The results suggested that pericarp of mangosteen fruit extract which have mangostin as active ingredient compound shows mechanism as the inhibitor of detoxification enzymes. Thus, it is likely to be uses this extract as an insecticide alternative to the control of BPH.