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Related Concept Videos

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Shedding light on the DNA damage checkpoint.

A John Callegari1, Thomas J Kelly

  • 1Program in Molecular Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA. tkelly@mskcc.org

Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|March 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

DNA damage checkpoint genes are crucial for cell survival after UV radiation exposure. Understanding how these genes coordinate cell cycle and DNA repair is essential for maintaining genomic stability.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA damage checkpoint genes regulate cell cycle progression for DNA repair and chromosome stability.
  • Checkpoint mutants exhibit high sensitivity to UV radiation, highlighting their role in solar radiation survival.
  • The precise coordination between checkpoint responses, cell cycle, and DNA repair following UV lesions remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconcile observations of UV response at different doses.
  • To elucidate the physiological significance of DNA damage checkpoint responses.
  • To provide insights into yeast cell cycle regulation during DNA repair.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA damage checkpoint gene functions.
  • Cell cycle progression analysis.

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Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

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Published on: June 26, 2020

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts
10:55

Study of the DNA Damage Checkpoint using Xenopus Egg Extracts

Published on: November 5, 2012

  • Review of recent studies in yeast models.

    • Main Results:

    • UV response varies with dose, showing G1/S and G2/M checkpoints at high doses and a postreplication checkpoint at low doses.
    • Checkpoint genes are vital for restraining cell cycle progression during DNA repair.
    • Yeast studies offer insights into coordinating cell cycle and DNA repair.

    Conclusions:

    • DNA damage checkpoints are essential for cellular survival under UV radiation.
    • The differential UV response based on dose suggests complex regulatory mechanisms.
    • Further research, particularly in yeast, can clarify the physiological roles of these checkpoints.