Endothelial dysfunction is related to insulin resistance and inflammatory biomarker levels in obese prepubertal
Miguel Valle Jiménez1, Rosario Martos Estepa, Rosario Ma Morales Camacho
1Clinical Laboratory Department, Valle de los Pedroches Hospital, 14400 Pozoblanco, Córdoba, Spain. vallej90@yahoo.es
Insights
Obese children show early signs of metabolic syndrome and endothelial dysfunction. These conditions are linked to insulin resistance and inflammation, highlighting the need for early intervention.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MS) is linked to insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
- These conditions can manifest early in obese children.
- Early detection in prepubertal obese children is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and IR in obese prepubertal children.
- To explore the links between endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and MS markers.
- To assess specific biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in this population.
Main Methods:
- Measured Von Willebrand factor (vWF) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in 46 obese and 46 non-obese children (aged 6-9).
- Analyzed associations with MS, inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), PAI-1, and leptin.
- Utilized statistical analysis to identify independent predictive factors.
Main Results:
- Obese children had significantly higher levels of sICAM-1, vWF, insulin, HOMA-IR, CRP, PAI-1, and leptin compared to controls.
- sICAM-1 positively correlated with insulin, HOMA-IR, CRP, IL-6, and PAI-1 in obese children.
- Insulin, HOMA-IR, IL-6, and CRP were independent predictors of sICAM-1.
Conclusions:
- Prepubertal obese children exhibit markers of endothelial dysfunction and MS.
- Endothelial dysfunction is associated with IR, inflammation, and abnormal fibrinolysis in this group.
- Findings underscore the early impact of obesity on vascular health in children.
Background:
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with insulin resistance (IR), a systemic low-grade inflammatory state and endothelial dysfunction. These disorders may arise at a very early age in obese children. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and both IR and inflammation in prepubertal obese children.
Methods And Results:
Von Willebrand factor (vWF) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels were measured in 46 obese prepubertal children aged 6-9, and in 46 non-obese, age-and sex-matched controls; the possible association of these levels with MS, various inflammatory biomarkers and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was analyzed. Obese children displayed significantly elevated values for sICAM-1 (P=0.008), vWF (P=0.034), insulin (P=0.006), homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR; P=0.003), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P<0.001), PAI-1 (P=0.002) and leptin (P<0.001). Nonsignificant differences were found in interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels. In the obese group, sICAM-1 showed a positive correlation with insulin (P=0.013), HOMA-IR (P=0.015), CRP (P=0.020), IL-6 (P=0.023) and PAI-1 (P=0.015). Corrected for age and sex, insulin, HOMA-IR, IL-6 and CPR were found to be independent predictive factors for sICAM-1.
Conclusions:
Prepubertal obese children displayed alterations indicative of endothelial dysfunction as well as disorders typical of MS. An association was established between endothelial dysfunction, IR, inflammation and inappropriate fibrinolysis in the children studied.
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