Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026
04:29
A Modified Simple Method for Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Mice
Published on: December 3, 2021
Dietary patterns, food groups and myocardial infarction: a case-control study
Michael S K Lockheart1, Lyn M Steffen, Hege Møklebust Rebnord
1Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
The British Journal of Nutrition
|March 30, 2007
Summary
A plant-centered diet rich in vegetables, fish, and whole grains may reduce myocardial infarction (MI) risk. Conversely, high intake of butter and margarine was linked to increased MI risk in Norwegian adults.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
- Nutritional Science
- Preventive Cardiology
Background:
- Dietary patterns significantly influence cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Understanding specific food group associations with myocardial infarction (MI) is crucial for public health.
- Previous research suggests a link between diet and heart health, necessitating further investigation into plant-centered approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between a plant-centered dietary pattern and the risk of first myocardial infarction (MI) in a Norwegian population.
- To identify specific food groups that are significantly associated with reduced or increased MI risk.
- To evaluate the relationship between a healthy diet pattern score and MI incidence.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving Norwegian men and postmenopausal women aged 45-75 years.
- Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) administered to cases (n=106) and controls (n=105) within 3 days of MI diagnosis.
- Logistic regression analysis adjusted for energy intake, family history, smoking, education, and marital status to estimate Odds Ratios (ORs) for 35 food groups and a healthy diet score.
Main Results:
- Higher intake of butter and margarine was associated with increased MI risk (OR 1.66).
- Reduced MI risk was linked to higher consumption of tomatoes (OR 0.53), high-fat fish (OR 0.57), wine (OR 0.58), salad (OR 0.59), whole grain breakfast cereals (OR 0.64), cruciferous vegetables (OR 0.66), and non-hydrogenated vegetable oil (OR 0.68).
- Cases were more likely to have a low a priori healthy diet pattern score compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- A dietary pattern emphasizing nutrient-rich plant foods, high-fat fish, and low trans fatty acid intake is associated with a decreased risk of myocardial infarction.
- Specific food choices, such as increased intake of vegetables, whole grains, and fish, alongside reduced consumption of butter and margarine, may play a protective role against MI.
- These findings support public health recommendations for plant-centered dietary patterns to prevent cardiovascular events.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
01:22Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management
Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
02:59Cancer Prevention
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...