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Metabolic adjustments to moderate maternal nutrient restriction
Natalia E Schlabritz-Loutsevitch1, Christopher J Dudley, Jeremiah J Gomez
1Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, University of Texas Health Science Center Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. nschlabritz@icarus.sfbr.org
Moderate maternal nutrient restriction in baboons reduced maternal weight and physical activity but protected fetal growth. Adaptations in maternal behavior and energy utilization are key to maintaining fetal development under reduced food availability.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Biology
- Primate Research
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Reduced food availability during pregnancy impacts fetal growth and offspring health.
- Non-human primate models are crucial for studying pregnancy-related research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate maternal and fetal responses to moderate global maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) during pregnancy in baboons.
- To understand adaptations in maternal behavior and energy utilization under nutrient-limited conditions.
Main Methods:
- Pregnant baboons were subjected to 70% food restriction (MNR group) from 30 days gestation (dG) compared to ad libitum-fed controls.
- Maternal body weight, BMI, food intake, physical activity, and fetal/placental weights were measured.
- Behavioral observations and activity patterns were assessed in pregnant and non-pregnant baboons.
Main Results:
- Pregnant baboons exhibited reduced physical activity and energy-expensive behaviors.
- MNR led to decreased maternal weight, weight gain, and physical activity.
- Placental weight and volume were reduced in the MNR group, but fetal weight and length remained unaffected.
Conclusions:
- Decreased physical activity and utilization of maternal body stores are significant maternal responses to pregnancy.
- Maternal behavioral adaptations and energy utilization effectively protect fetal growth during moderate nutrient restriction.
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