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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane

The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...

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High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis
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Protein subcomplexes--molecular machines with highly specialized functions.

Jens Hollunder1, Andreas Beyer, Thomas Wilhelm

  • 1Leibniz Institute for Age Research-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Theoretical Systems Biology, D-07745 Jena, Germany. hollund@fli-leibniz.de

IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience
|March 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a statistical method to identify common protein subcomplexes within larger protein complexes. These identified subcomplexes represent conserved functional units and aid in predicting protein functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Cellular processes rely on organized functional modules, with protein complexes acting as key molecular machines.
  • Understanding the hierarchical organization of protein complexes is crucial for deciphering cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a statistical procedure for identifying significant common protein subcomplexes (SCs) within larger protein complexes.
  • To analyze protein complex data from model organisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli) and humans to uncover functional substructures.

Main Methods:

  • Application of a novel statistical procedure to large-scale protein complex datasets.
  • Analysis of common protein subcomplexes across different datasets and organisms.
  • Investigation of properties such as essential protein enrichment and functional/spatial homogeneity of subcomplexes.

Main Results:

  • Identification of statistically significant common protein subcomplexes (SCs) within protein complexes.
  • Discovery of well-characterized protein assemblies with known functions, acting as independent functional entities.
  • Uncovering previously unknown functional entities within protein complexes, warranting further experimental investigation.
  • Demonstration that subcomplexes are enriched with essential proteins, suggesting strong conservation.

Conclusions:

  • Protein subcomplexes represent conserved, functionally and spatially homogeneous units within larger molecular machines.
  • The identified subcomplexes can serve as a basis for predicting the functions of unknown proteins, particularly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • This approach provides a powerful tool for dissecting the modular organization of protein complexes and understanding cellular mechanisms.