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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)

Published on: January 7, 2018

Should oral glucose tolerance testing be mandatory following acute myocardial infarction?

S Jessani1, K Gangopadhyay, J V Patel

  • 1University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK. shahirose.jessani@swbh.nhs.uk

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|March 31, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Newly detected diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are common in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) is crucial for diagnosing these conditions, as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) often underestimates prevalence.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • A significant number of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients without prior diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosis present with newly detected DM or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
  • Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) testing often underestimates the true prevalence of newly diagnosed DM in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of DM and IGT in post-AMI patients from a mixed ethnicity cohort.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) in identifying DM and IGT in AMI patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 61 non-diabetic AMI patients underwent a standardized 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before discharge.
  • Collected data included admission plasma glucose, serum lipids, HbA1c, and fasting and 2-hour postchallenge plasma glucose levels.

Main Results:

  • Newly diagnosed DM was detected in 31% and IGT in 33% of the studied AMI patients.
  • Only 32% of newly diagnosed diabetic patients had an FPG above 6.1 mmol/l, highlighting FPG's inadequacy.
  • A graded increase in 12-month major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rates was observed: 4.5% for normal glucose tolerance, 15% for IGT, and 32% for DM.

Conclusions:

  • Undiagnosed DM and IGT are highly prevalent in patients following AMI.
  • Relying solely on FPG can lead to missed diagnoses and delayed treatment for a substantial proportion of high-risk patients.
  • OGTT is essential for accurate diagnosis and risk stratification in AMI patients, enabling timely intervention.

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