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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay (Virochip) to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay (Virochip) to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Published on: April 27, 2011

Linking syndromic surveillance with virological self-sampling.

D L Cooper¹, G E Smith, F Chinemana

¹Regional Surveillance Unit, Health Protection Agency West Midlands, Birmingham, UK. Duncan.cooper@hpa.org.uk

Epidemiology and Infection

|March 31, 2007

Summary

Self-sampling kits sent to NHS Direct callers provided early influenza detection. This method is feasible for enhancing community surveillance programs for influenza and other respiratory viruses.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Virology
Epidemiology

Background:

National telephone helplines like NHS Direct are utilized for syndromic surveillance to detect community illness early.
Investigating novel methods to enhance the timeliness and scope of infectious disease surveillance is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the feasibility of using self-sampling kits mailed to NHS Direct callers for influenza virus detection.
To determine if self-collected samples can augment existing national syndromic surveillance systems.

Main Methods:

294 NHS Direct callers were recruited and sent self-sampling kits for nasal swabs.
Returned samples were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV).

Main Results:

A 42% return rate of self-sampling kits was achieved.
16.2% of samples tested positive for influenza (A(H3N2), A(H1N1), B) and 5.6% for RSV.
The mean time from call to laboratory analysis was 7.4 days, yielding early season influenza reports.

Conclusions:

Self-sampling by individuals contacting a national health helpline is a viable method for collecting samples for influenza detection.
This approach can enhance community-based surveillance programs, providing early detection of multiple influenza strains and augmenting national systems.