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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
Published on: August 24, 2012
Differential resurgence and response elimination
Adam H Doughty1, Stephanie P da Silva, Kennon A Lattal
1West Virginia University, WV, USA. doughtya@cofc.edu
Resurgence, the return of old behaviors during extinction, was reduced when pigeons were reinforced for alternative behaviors. Reinforcing a different response was most effective in decreasing resurgence.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral psychology
- Animal behavior
Background:
- Resurgence is the reappearance of previously reinforced behaviors during extinction.
- Understanding resurgence is crucial for behavior modification and therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how different procedures for eliminating behavior influence resurgence.
- To identify methods for reducing resurgence.
Main Methods:
- Pigeons' key pecking was maintained on a multiple variable-interval (VI) schedule.
- Behavior was eliminated using differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior (DRO) or VI schedules for alternative responses.
- Resurgence was measured during extinction.
Main Results:
- Greater resurgence occurred after a differential-reinforcement-of-other-behavior (DRO) schedule than after a VI schedule.
- Reinforcement of an alternative key-peck response was most effective in reducing subsequent key-peck resurgence.
- Differential resurgence was not due to stimulus control or food delivery periodicity.
Conclusions:
- The method used to eliminate a behavior significantly impacts resurgence.
- Reinforcing alternative behaviors is an effective strategy to mitigate resurgence.
- Findings contribute to the understanding of behavioral recovery during extinction.
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