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Acute renal failure due to bilateral uric acid lithiasis in infants

Mete Kaya1, M Emin Boleken, Mustafa Soran

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Harran University School of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey. kayamete@yahoo.com

Urological Research
|March 31, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Medical therapy effectively treats acute renal failure in infants with uric acid stones. Treatment including fluids, urine alkalinization, and allopurinol resolved obstructions and prevented kidney damage.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Medical Treatment

Background:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) is a known complication of urolithiasis.
  • The efficacy of medical management for urinary obstruction in pediatric ARF remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of medical therapy in infants with ARF caused by obstructive uric acid lithiasis.
  • To describe the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes of these cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of five infants with ARF due to uric acid stones.
  • Medical interventions included fluid liberalization, urine alkalinization, and oral allopurinol.
  • Surgical urinary diversion was performed in two cases.

Main Results:

  • All patients showed improved urine output within 8 hours.
  • Spontaneous passage of uric acid stones occurred in all infants.
  • Complete relief of kidney obstruction was achieved with medical treatment, with no long-term renal sequelae.

Conclusions:

  • Medical therapy plays a significant role in managing acute obstructive uric acid lithiasis in infants.
  • Aggressive medical management can effectively resolve urinary obstruction and prevent renal damage in this population.

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