[Allergic contact dermatitis to temporary henna tattoos].

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Allergology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Black henna tattoos, popular for temporary body art, are not natural and often contain paraphenylenediamine (PPD) for darkening.
• PPD is an aromatic compound known to cause cross-reactions with other benzene-ring structures, leading to adverse cutaneous reactions.

Observation:

• A study reviewed five patients (mean age 13) who developed erythema, inflammation, or vesiculation after temporary black henna tattoos.
• Patients had tattoos applied in street stalls during summer periods (2004-2005) and showed no prior history of hair dye exposure or atopic dermatitis.

Findings:

• Patch testing confirmed sensitization to PPD in three patients; one patient also showed sensitization to formaldehyde.
• Three patients experienced persistent hypopigmented scars following the tattoo application.

Implications:

• Black henna pseudotattoos are a significant source of PPD sensitization, posing risks of severe, long-term skin complications.
• The findings highlight the need for specific regulations regarding temporary tattoo practices and ingredients to protect public health.