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Related Concept Videos

Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
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Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
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Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models
08:57

Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models

Published on: May 17, 2024

[Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes].

Jean-Christophe Antoine1, Jean-Philippe Camdessanché

  • 1Service de neurologie, Hôpital Bellevue, CHU, Saint-Etienne 02. j.christophe.antoine@chu-st-etienne.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|April 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are linked to cancer. Identifying onconeural antibodies aids diagnosis, guiding a thorough cancer search and prompt treatment for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are a diverse group of disorders affecting the nervous system.
  • Classic PNS include Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, limbic encephalitis, sensory neuronopathy, and others.
  • Onconeural antibodies are biomarkers associated with these syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach to paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.
  • To emphasize the role of onconeural antibodies in diagnosis.
  • To highlight the importance of cancer detection and treatment in managing PNS.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical syndrome assessment.
  • Detection of onconeural antibodies.
  • Correlation of neurological symptoms onset with cancer diagnosis.

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Genetic Profiling and Genome-Scale Dropout Screening to Identify Therapeutic Targets in Mouse Models of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
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Genetic Profiling and Genome-Scale Dropout Screening to Identify Therapeutic Targets in Mouse Models of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

Published on: August 25, 2023

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models
08:57

Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models

Published on: May 17, 2024

Genetic Profiling and Genome-Scale Dropout Screening to Identify Therapeutic Targets in Mouse Models of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
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Genetic Profiling and Genome-Scale Dropout Screening to Identify Therapeutic Targets in Mouse Models of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

Published on: August 25, 2023

  • Utilizing advanced imaging like fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

    • Main Results:

    • Onconeural antibodies are valuable diagnostic tools in PNS, though not always present.
    • Diagnosis of PNS or detection of antibodies necessitates a persistent cancer search.
    • The time between neurological symptom onset and cancer discovery is a key factor.

    Conclusions:

    • A definitive or possible paraneoplastic diagnosis relies on clinical features, antibody presence, and temporal association with cancer.
    • Early cancer detection and treatment are crucial for managing neurological disease in PNS.
    • Advanced imaging techniques aid in the diagnosis of underlying malignancies.