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C-reactive protein, obstructive sleep apnea, and cognitive dysfunction in school-aged children

David Gozal1, Valerie McLaughlin Crabtree, Oscar Sans Capdevila

  • 1Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 South Preston Street, Suite 204, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. david.gozal@louisville.edu

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|April 3, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) show higher inflammation markers. Elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in OSA children indicate increased risk for cognitive deficits.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroinflammation
  • Child Cognitive Development

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children is linked to significant neurobehavioral and cognitive issues.
  • However, cognitive impairment is not universal among children with OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate systemic inflammation, using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serum levels.
  • To identify children with OSA at greater risk for cognitive morbidity based on inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 278 children (aged 5-7 years), including habitual snorers and non-snorers.
  • Conducted polysomnography, neurocognitive testing, and hsCRP blood tests.
  • Categorized snoring children into OSA and non-OSA groups, and OSA children by cognitive status.

Main Results:

  • Mean hsCRP was higher in children with OSA (0.36+/-0.11 mg/dl) compared to non-OSA snorers (0.19+/-0.07 mg/dl).
  • Children with OSA and cognitive deficits had significantly higher hsCRP levels (0.48+/-0.12 mg/dl) than those with OSA and normal cognition (0.21+/-0.08 mg/dl).

Conclusions:

  • Higher hsCRP levels are observed in children with OSA, especially those with neurocognitive deficits.
  • The extent of inflammatory response in OSA appears to be a key factor in the risk of neurocognitive dysfunction.
Abstract

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