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Related Experiment Videos

COQ2 is a candidate for the structural gene encoding para-hydroxybenzoate:polyprenyltransferase.

M N Ashby1, S Y Kutsunai, S Ackerman

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|February 25, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified the COQ2 gene, crucial for coenzyme Q biosynthesis in yeast. This gene encodes an enzyme essential for respiratory function, though not for cell viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Yeast Genetics

Background:

  • Coenzyme Q is a vital lipid-soluble electron carrier in eukaryotes.
  • Its biosynthesis involves complex pathways, including the transfer of a polyisoprenoid chain to para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB).
  • Yeast mutants lacking coenzyme Q exhibit respiratory defects, serving as models for pathway studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize the COQ2 gene responsible for PHB:polyprenyltransferase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • To understand the role of COQ2 in coenzyme Q biosynthesis and cellular respiration.
  • To identify potential functional domains within the PHB:polyprenyltransferase enzyme.

Main Methods:

  • Functional complementation of a coq2 yeast mutant using a genomic DNA fragment.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gene mapping via restriction enzyme digestion and complementation analysis.
  • DNA sequencing to identify the open reading frame and predict protein characteristics.
  • Primer extension and Northern blot analyses to assess gene transcription.
  • Gene disruption to evaluate the essentiality of COQ2.

    • Main Results:

    • A 5.5-kb DNA fragment was isolated that complemented the coq2 mutant.
    • The COQ2 gene was localized to a 2.1-kb fragment and found to contain a 1,116-bp open reading frame encoding a 372-amino acid protein.
    • The predicted protein possesses a mitochondrial leader sequence and six transmembrane domains.
    • The gene is transcriptionally active and essential for PHB:polyprenyltransferase activity and respiratory function, but not for yeast viability.
    • A putative polyprenyl diphosphate-binding site was identified in the deduced amino acid sequence.

    Conclusions:

    • The COQ2 gene encodes the PHB:polyprenyltransferase enzyme, critical for coenzyme Q biosynthesis in yeast.
    • The COQ2 gene product is essential for respiratory function but not for cell viability.
    • The identification of a conserved binding site suggests a common mechanism for polyprenyl diphosphate utilization across different enzymes.