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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Factors Affecting Illness01:18

Factors Affecting Illness

When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness, disability,...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Rat Model for Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
09:42

Development of a Neonatal Rat Model for Brachial Plexus Birth Injury

Published on: March 27, 2026

[Risk factors for birth injuries].

Heladia García1, Jorge Rubio-Espíritu, Maria Teresa Islas-Rodríguez

  • 1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales, Hospital de Pediatría CMN SXXI, IMSS. hely1802@yahoo.com.mx

Revista De Investigacion Clinica; Organo Del Hospital De Enfermedades De La Nutricion
|April 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study identified key risk factors for birth trauma, including maternal characteristics, gestational age, and delivery methods like forceps. Understanding these factors can help prevent infant injuries during childbirth.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Rat Model for Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
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Published on: March 27, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Published on: October 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Context:

  • Birth trauma is a significant concern in obstetrics.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for prevention and management.
  • This study was conducted at a general hospital in Mexico City.

Purpose:

  • To identify independent risk factors associated with specific birth injuries.
  • To analyze maternal and neonatal variables influencing birth trauma.
  • To provide data for improving obstetric care and reducing infant morbidity.

Summary:

  • A case-control study involving 129 cases and 134 controls identified risk factors for birth injuries.
  • Independent risk factors included general anesthesia, breech presentation, prematurity (<32 weeks), difficult vaginal delivery, cesarean section, use of external maneuvers/forceps, maternal height, and advanced maternal age.
  • Specific injuries like ecchymoses, lacerations, cephalhematoma, and caput succedaneum were linked to distinct risk factors.

Impact:

  • Findings highlight the multifactorial nature of birth trauma.
  • Results can inform clinical practice to mitigate risks associated with specific delivery interventions.
  • Understanding these associations aids in targeted prevention strategies for birth injuries.