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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

[Working memory dysfunctions in psychiatric disorders].

I Henseler1, Oliver Gruber

  • 1Abteilung Medizinische und Klinische Psychologie, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg.

Der Nervenarzt
|April 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Working memory deficits are common in psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Identifying specific working memory impairments may help subgroup patients for better diagnosis and treatment.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children &#8211; Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Context:

  • Working memory disturbances are prevalent in psychiatric disorders, impacting daily functioning and social integration.
  • Deficits in working memory are linked to specific genotypes and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Purpose:

  • To explore working memory deficits as potential endophenotypes in psychiatric disorders.
  • To investigate the utility of identifying selective working memory impairments for patient subgrouping.

Summary:

  • Working memory deficits are associated with genetic factors and clinical presentations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • Selective identification of working memory dysfunctions can define more homogenous patient subgroups based on neural system integrity.
  • This approach aids in understanding the pathophysiology of working memory impairments in psychiatric conditions.

Impact:

  • Facilitates a deeper understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying working memory dysfunction.
  • Offers potential for improved diagnostic criteria and targeted therapeutic strategies in psychiatry.
  • Enhances the potential for personalized medicine approaches in treating psychiatric disorders.