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Related Concept Videos

Compensation Mechanisms01:28

Compensation Mechanisms

The human body employs intricate mechanisms to counteract changes in blood pH, preventing conditions like acidosis (pH < 7.35) and alkalosis (pH > 7.45). These compensatory responses aim to restore normal arterial blood pH by engaging respiratory or renal systems, depending on the source of the imbalance.
Respiratory Compensation
This mechanism addresses metabolic-induced pH imbalances by adjusting breathing rates. Respiratory compensation begins within minutes of detecting a pH...
Persuasion Strategies01:52

Persuasion Strategies

Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
Measures of Central Tendency02:16

Measures of Central Tendency

The "center" of a data set is also a way of describing location. The two most widely used measures of the "center" of the data are the mean (average) and the median. The words "mean" and "average" are often used interchangeably. The substitution of one word for the other is common practice. The technical term is "arithmetic mean" and "average" is technically a center location. However, in practice among non-statisticians, "average" is commonly accepted for "arithmetic mean."
Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation01:18

Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation

Incentive theory, or the "pull theory" of motivation, suggests that external rewards primarily drive behavior. Individuals are motivated to engage in activities when they anticipate a desirable outcome. This is why people often work hard for promotions or study intensively to achieve high grades. These incentives can be tangible, physical rewards such as money or promotions, or intangible, non-physical rewards like praise and social recognition.
The theory differentiates between intrinsic and...
Social Loafing01:37

Social Loafing

Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated, individuals become less...
Weighted Mean00:57

Weighted Mean

While taking the arithmetic, geometric, or harmonic mean of a sample data set, equal importance is assigned to all the data points. However, all the values may not always be equally important in some data sets. An intrinsic bias might make it more important to give more weightage to specific values over others.
For example, consider the number of goals scored in the matches of a tournament. While computing the average number of goals scored in the tournament, it may be more important to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making
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Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

Published on: March 2, 2011

Pay for performance: pay more or pay less?

Lawrence C Swayne1

  • 1Morristown Memorial Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA. lcsrad@hotmail.com

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR
|April 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Pay for performance (P4P) offers financial incentives for healthcare providers to improve medical service delivery. This review examines challenges in implementing P4P in radiology and advises careful consideration of contractual terms.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Radiology Services
  • Economic Incentives in Medicine

Background:

  • Recent literature highlights the increasing adoption of pay for performance (P4P) models in healthcare.
  • P4P aims to financially incentivize healthcare providers for enhanced performance and quality of medical services.
  • The radiology field is increasingly encountering these new business strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the obstacles associated with implementing pay for performance strategies within the practice of radiology.
  • To inform radiologists about the potential challenges and considerations of P4P initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent publications on pay for performance in the radiology domain.
  • Analysis of the implications of P4P for radiology practices.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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Published on: August 25, 2023

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06:54

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Main Results:

  • Several obstacles hinder the straightforward implementation of P4P in radiology.
  • Radiologists need to be aware of the complexities and potential pitfalls of these financial incentive programs.

Conclusions:

  • Radiologists should engage proactively with payers regarding quality improvement discussions.
  • Careful evaluation of contractual implications is essential before committing to pay for performance initiatives in radiology.