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Continuous Instream Monitoring of Nutrients and Sediment in Agricultural Watersheds
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Sediment concentration and turbidity changes during culvert removals.

Randy B Foltz1, Kristina A Yanosek, Timothy M Brown

  • 1Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, ID 83843, USA. rfoltz@fs.fed.us

Journal of Environmental Management
|April 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Road obliteration via culvert removal significantly increases stream sediment and turbidity. Straw bale mitigation effectively reduced sediment yield, aiding in meeting regulatory limits downstream.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Road obliteration projects often involve culvert removal.
  • Culvert removal can impact stream water quality through sediment and turbidity increases.
  • Understanding these short-term effects is crucial for effective environmental management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the short-term impacts of culvert removals on stream water sediment and turbidity concentrations.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of downstream sediment mitigation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring sediment and turbidity levels at 11 stream crossings during culvert removals in Idaho and Washington.
  • Measuring sediment concentrations at various distances downstream of culvert outlets.
  • Implementing and assessing straw bale barriers as a mitigation technique.

Main Results:

  • Sediment concentrations downstream of culverts were orders of magnitude higher than upstream.
  • Turbidity levels exceeded regulatory limits at all monitored locations.
  • Sediment concentrations decreased significantly 100m and 810m downstream, with turbidity meeting limits at the furthest point.
  • Straw bale mitigation reduced average sediment yield from 67kg to 1.6kg.

Conclusions:

  • Culvert removals cause significant, short-term increases in stream sediment and turbidity.
  • Downstream distance influences sediment concentration reduction, but not always turbidity to regulatory levels.
  • Straw bale mitigation is a highly effective method for reducing sediment yield during culvert removal operations.