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Related Experiment Videos

Tracking Alzheimer's disease.

Paul M Thompson1, Kiralee M Hayashi, Rebecca A Dutton

  • 1Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, UCLA School of Medicine, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Suite 225E, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7332, USA. thompson@loni.ucla.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|April 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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New brain mapping techniques reveal dynamic patterns of brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These methods track disease progression and changes over time, aiding in drug development and understanding neurodegeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Population-based brain mapping is crucial for understanding aging, dementia, and normal lifespan brain changes.
  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) involve significant neurodegeneration.
  • Existing methods may lack the sensitivity to dynamically track disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate novel brain mapping techniques for assessing neurodegeneration.
  • To visualize and quantify the dynamic spread of cortical atrophy in AD and MCI.
  • To evaluate the utility of these techniques in drug trials and basic neuroscience research.

Main Methods:

  • Cortical thickness mapping to measure changes in brain tissue volume.
  • Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) to analyze 3D patterns of atrophic rates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hippocampal surface modeling to assess shape alterations in the hippocampus.
  • Longitudinal MRI scans from populations with AD, MCI, and healthy controls.

    • Main Results:

    • First time-lapse maps demonstrating a dynamic wave of cortical atrophy spreading from temporal to sensorimotor areas in AD.
    • Correlation between the pattern of atrophy and cognitive decline.
    • TBM and hippocampal surface modeling provide complementary 3D and surface-based analyses of brain changes.
    • Techniques show sensitivity to clinically relevant changes in individuals and groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Novel brain mapping techniques offer powerful, automated tools for measuring neurodegeneration in AD and MCI.
    • These methods are valuable for tracking disease progression, correlating with cognitive function, and assessing therapeutic interventions in drug trials.
    • The dynamic mapping approach provides new insights into the neuroscience of brain degeneration across various conditions.