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An in vitro method for assessing biomaterial-associated platelet activation.

Nathan G LaFayette¹, Amy M Skrzypchak, Scott Merz

¹Department of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)

|April 7, 2007

Summary

Developing non-thrombogenic artificial surfaces for medical devices is challenging. An in vitro model using labeled platelets efficiently screened materials, finding glass promoted the most platelet adhesion.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Medical Device Engineering
Hematology

Background:

Creating non-thrombogenic artificial surfaces for indwelling devices like sensors and catheters is a long-standing challenge in medical research.
In vivo studies for screening potential surface materials are resource-intensive and inefficient for rapid evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an in vitro model for efficiently screening the thrombogenicity of artificial surface materials.
To compare platelet adhesion on glass, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polypropylene surfaces.

Main Methods:

An in vitro model was established using glass, PVC, and polypropylene test tubes.
These tubes were incubated with indium-111 (111In)-labeled rabbit platelets.
Platelet adhesion was quantified and compared across the different material surfaces.

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Main Results:

Despite similar platelet counts and function, significant differences in platelet adhesion were observed.
Glass exhibited the highest platelet adhesion.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) showed 67% +/- 8% adhesion, and polypropylene showed 43% +/- 5% adhesion compared to glass.

Conclusions:

The in vitro model provides a quick and reliable method for screening non-thrombogenic materials.
This approach can significantly reduce the need for costly and time-consuming in vivo animal studies.
Findings suggest material choice significantly impacts platelet adhesion, crucial for non-thrombogenic device development.