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A simple, single, trial-learning paradigm for conditioned increase in natural killer cell activity.
H B Solvason1, V K Ghanta, S J Soong
1Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
Summary
This study shows that natural killer (NK) cell activity can be conditioned using a simple one-trial learning protocol. This new method reliably demonstrates odor-NK conditioning within three days.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- Immunology
Background:
- Natural killer (NK) cell activity can be modulated through associative learning.
- Previous conditioning protocols for NK cell activity were complex, requiring multiple exposures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a simplified and reliable one-trial learning protocol for odor-NK cell conditioning.
- To investigate the temporal association effects on NK cell activity conditioning.
Main Methods:
- A one-trial learning paradigm was established using an odor conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US).
- Forward (CS preceding US) and backward (US preceding CS) conditioning protocols were compared.
- NK cell activity was measured to assess conditioned changes.
Main Results:
- The novel one-trial protocol reliably conditioned NK cell activity.
- Conditioned changes in NK cell activity were significantly different from controls (P < 0.05).
- Forward conditioning, but not backward conditioning, resulted in a conditioned change in NK cell activity.
Conclusions:
- A simple, one-trial odor-NK conditioning paradigm is effective and reliable.
- This protocol allows for the study of odor-NK conditioning mechanisms within three days.
- Temporal association is critical for successful odor-NK conditioning.