The free vastus lateralis flap: an anatomic study with case reports

Area of Science:

• Reconstructive surgery
• Anatomy
• Microsurgery

Background:

• The thigh is a potential donor site for free flaps.
• Vastus lateralis muscle flaps offer reconstructive potential.

Observation:

• 100 cadaver dissections evaluated thigh flap suitability.
• Vastus lateralis muscle can form myocutaneous or fasciomuscular flaps.
• Neurovascular pedicle length (8-20 cm) and diameter (2-4 mm) are suitable.

Findings:

• Vastus lateralis flaps present no technical challenges.
• Functional impairment is absent, with only minor aesthetic impact.
• Skin island size averages 8x16 cm, supplied by 0.7-1.2 mm perforator vessels.

Implications:

• Thigh flaps are viable for head and neck reconstruction.
• Suitable for extensive or perforating defects.
• Can be used intraorally as fasciomuscular flaps.