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Related Experiment Videos

Exercise-induced decrease in insular cortex rCBF during postexercise hypotension.

Kala Lamb1, Kevin Gallagher, Roderick McColl

  • 1Department of Health Care Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|April 7, 2007
PubMed
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Exercise temporarily reduces insular cortex (IC) neural activity, not blood pressure drops. This finding suggests exercise-induced changes in IC activity may be a key factor in postexercise hypotension (PEH).

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • The insular cortex (IC) plays a role in blood pressure (BP) regulation.
  • Postexercise hypotension (PEH) is characterized by decreased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the IC.
  • The cause of these rCBF changes in PEH (exercise vs. BP changes) is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether reduced IC neural activity during PEH is caused by exercise itself or by associated BP decreases.
  • To compare neural activity patterns in the IC during exercise-induced hypotension and pharmacologically induced hypotension.

Main Methods:

  • Ten subjects underwent three conditions: resting baseline, PEH, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension matched for BP reduction.
  • Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were continuously monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Both PEH and SNP-induced hypotension resulted in significant decreases in MAP and increases in HR, with no significant difference between the two conditions.
    • Following exercise, significant decreases in rCBF were observed in the insular cortex (IC) and other brain regions.
    • During SNP-induced hypotension, rCBF increased in the IC, and cold pressor testing during PEH restored both BP and IC activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Reductions in IC neural activity during PEH are not a direct consequence of acute blood pressure decreases.
    • Findings suggest that exercise itself can induce a temporary reduction in IC neural activity.
    • This exercise-induced modulation of IC activity may be a significant neural mechanism underlying PEH.