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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
Published on: April 16, 2015
Local development of effector and memory T helper cells
Nicolas Fazilleau1, Louise J McHeyzer-Williams, Michael G McHeyzer-Williams
1Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Abstract:
Clonal evolution underpins all facets of adaptive immunity. In particular, antigen-specific helper T (Th) cell development is central to high-affinity B cell immunity and protective vaccination. Dendritic cell maturation and TCR affinity-based selection mechanisms control the recruitment and effective propagation of preferred antigen-specific Th cell cohorts in local lymphoid tissue. Importantly, follicular B helper T (T(FH)) cells emerge as the specialized local effector Th cells that orchestrate the stepwise development of B cell immunity in these local environments. Recent studies also introduce the role of persistent antigen in the development of effector Th cells with evidence for long-term antigen depots that might contribute to local antigen-specific Th cell memory.
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