Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Occlusion of the Great and Small Saphenous Vein Using Copolymeric Glue Based on N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate and Methacryloxy Sulfolane
Published on: December 9, 2022
Iliac vein stenting for chronic venous insufficiency
Firas F Mussa1, Eric K Peden, Wei Zhou
1Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Endovenous stenting effectively treats chronic venous outflow obstruction, offering a superior alternative to traditional surgeries for improving patient lifestyles and reducing economic burdens associated with venous insufficiency.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Interventional Radiology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Chronic venous insufficiency significantly impacts patient quality of life and incurs substantial societal economic costs.
- Traditional surgical interventions for venous outflow obstruction demonstrate variable long-term patency and inconsistent follow-up reporting.
- Lower extremity venous outflow obstruction presents a complex clinical challenge with significant morbidity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current applications, patency rates, stent selection criteria, and potential complications associated with endovenous stenting for chronic venous outflow obstruction.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon angioplasty and stenting in managing lower extremity venous disorders.
- To provide an updated overview of endovenous stenting as a treatment modality for chronic venous obstruction.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of studies on balloon angioplasty and stenting for chronic venous outflow obstruction.
- Analysis of reported patency rates, stent types, and procedural complications.
- Synthesis of current clinical applications and patient selection criteria.
Main Results:
- Endovenous stenting demonstrates promising patency rates in the treatment of chronic venous outflow obstruction.
- Specific stent designs and selection criteria are crucial for optimizing outcomes.
- Complications associated with the procedure are generally manageable.
Conclusions:
- Endovenous stenting is currently the preferred treatment method for chronic venous outflow obstruction.
- This minimally invasive approach offers a viable alternative to traditional open surgical techniques.
- Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and standardized follow-up protocols.
Related Concept Videos
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
Varicose Veins I: Introduction
Veins of Lower Limbs
Formed by the union of the medial and lateral plantar veins, the posterior tibial vein, rising through the calf muscle, assimilates the fibular vein. The anterior tibial vein, a superior extension of the foot's dorsalis pedis vein, merges with the posterior tibial vein at the knee,...

