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Plasma cell sarcoma in a cat.

S A Mitcham, S R McGillivray, D M Haines

    The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Rarely, plasma cell sarcoma (multiple myeloma) in cats can cause lytic bone lesions. This study details a Siamese cat diagnosed with this condition, showing vertebral osteolysis and hind limb paresis.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Oncology
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Plasma cell sarcoma, a form of multiple myeloma, is uncommon in felines.
    • Lytic bone lesions associated with plasma cell sarcoma are exceptionally rare in cats.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a rare case of feline plasma cell sarcoma presenting with osteolytic lesions.
    • To describe the clinical, diagnostic, and histopathological findings of this rare condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Diagnostic imaging to identify bone lesions.
    • Serum electrophoresis to detect monoclonal gammopathy.
    • Histopathological examination and immunofluorescence staining of bone marrow and affected vertebrae.

    Main Results:

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    • A 13-year-old Siamese cat presented with hind limb paresis due to osteolysis of the second lumbar vertebra.
    • Serum electrophoresis revealed a monoclonal gammopathy.
    • Neoplastic plasma cells infiltrated the affected vertebra and multiple bone marrow sites, identified as IgA and kappa chain specific.

    Conclusions:

    • This case highlights the rare occurrence of plasma cell sarcoma causing significant lytic bone lesions in cats.
    • Early diagnosis and understanding the specific cell markers (IgA, kappa) are crucial for feline plasma cell sarcoma management.