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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Introspection01:29

Introspection

Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
The Scientific Method02:40

The Scientific Method

Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
The Scientific Method03:50

The Scientific Method

Chemistry is an empirical science. Scientists often pose questions to understand the chemistry in everyday life and seek answers to these questions. To achieve this, scientists follow a definitive series of steps that together make up the Scientific Method. This approach involves making observations, asking questions, building a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing results, and forming a conclusion.
Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
Problem-Solving01:29

Problem-Solving

Effective problem-solving consists of two steps: 1. identifying the problem and 2. selecting the appropriate problem-solving strategy (i.e., a plan of action used to find a solution). Humans use four problem-solving strategies:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

How to investigate insight: a proposal.

Hilde Haider1, Michael Rose

  • 1Department of Psychology, EWF, University of Cologne, D-50931 Koeln, Germany. hilde.haider@uni-koeln.de

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|April 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Investigating insight using implicit learning reveals how people gain awareness of hidden patterns. This approach allows for trial-by-trial analysis of cognitive insight and neural activity.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Understanding the cognitive and neural mechanisms of insight remains a significant challenge in creativity research.
  • Existing methods often struggle to capture the dynamic process of insight generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate implicit learning paradigms as a novel approach for studying insight.
  • To investigate the spontaneous emergence of explicit knowledge during incidental learning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing implicit learning tasks where participants are unaware of underlying regularities.
  • Analyzing the trial-by-trial emergence of explicit knowledge during these tasks.
  • Laying groundwork for correlating insight processes with neural activity.

Main Results:

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

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The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score (PRIUS): A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
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  • Demonstrated that explicit knowledge can spontaneously emerge during implicit learning.
  • Established a strong resemblance between this process and insight problem-solving.
  • Highlighted the suitability of implicit learning for detailed insight process analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit learning paradigms offer a powerful tool for dissecting the cognitive and neural underpinnings of insight.
  • This methodology facilitates the study of insight on a granular, trial-by-trial basis.
  • Future research can leverage this approach to explore neural correlates of insight.