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Egg storage and the embryo.
1Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5. gaylene.fasenko@ualberta.ca
Long-term egg storage negatively impacts avian embryo survival and hatchability by inducing cell death and altering metabolism. Pre-incubation can improve hatchability, suggesting specific embryonic stages better tolerate storage.
Area of Science:
- Avian reproduction and developmental biology
- Animal science and agriculture
Background:
- Egg storage is essential for the hatching egg industry but negatively affects hatchability beyond 7 days.
- Long-term storage induces embryonic cell death (necrosis and apoptosis), leading to increased mortality.
- Storage impacts embryonic development and metabolism, affecting growth initiation and rate.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the negative effects of long-term egg storage on avian embryos.
- To explore methods for mitigating storage-induced damage and improving hatchability.
- To understand the influence of storage on embryonic development and metabolism.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing knowledge on egg storage effects.
- Analysis of cellular mechanisms (necrosis, apoptosis) involved in storage damage.
- Observation of embryonic development and metabolic changes in stored eggs.
- Evaluation of pre-incubation as a method to improve hatchability.
Main Results:
- Long-term egg storage (over 7 days) significantly reduces hatchability.
- Cell death pathways (necrosis and apoptosis) are activated during storage.
- Embryonic development and metabolism are altered, impacting growth post-storage.
- Short pre-incubation periods improve hatchability in stored turkey and chicken eggs.
Conclusions:
- Long-term egg storage poses significant challenges to the hatching egg industry due to reduced hatchability.
- Understanding and mitigating storage-induced cellular damage and metabolic changes are crucial.
- Pre-incubation shows promise in enhancing the resilience of avian embryos to long-term storage.
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