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Tritium metabolism in man.

M S Murthy1

  • 1Biochemistry Dept. Kasturba Medical College Manipal.

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Accidental exposure to tritiated water in humans leads to organically bound tritium in sperm and plasma proteins. Globulin incorporated significantly more tritium than albumin over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Sciences
  • Environmental Health
  • Radiological Protection

Background:

  • Tritium (a radioactive isotope of hydrogen) exposure can occur accidentally.
  • Understanding tritium's biological fate is crucial for assessing health risks.
  • Organically bound tritium (OBT) represents a long-term internal radiation dose.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metabolism and incorporation of tritium in human biological samples.
  • To quantify organically bound tritium in sperm and plasma proteins following accidental exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Volunteers with accidental tritiated water exposure were monitored.
  • Liquid scintillation counting was used to measure tritium levels.
  • Specific activity of tritium was analyzed in urine, sperm, and plasma proteins (albumin and globulin).

Main Results:

  • Approximately 2% of initial urinary tritium specific activity was found incorporated as OBT in sperm.
  • In plasma proteins, tritium bound to globulin was observed to be three times higher than that bound to albumin by the 20th day post-exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Tritiated water exposure results in the incorporation of tritium into human sperm and plasma proteins.
  • Differential binding of tritium to plasma proteins (globulin vs. albumin) suggests varying metabolic pathways or binding affinities.
  • These findings contribute to understanding long-term tritium retention and potential health implications in humans.

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