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Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Subtle upper limb impairment in asymptomatic multiple sclerosis subjects.

C Solaro1, G Brichetto, M Casadio

  • 1Department of Neurology, Hospital P Antero Micone, Genova, Italy. csolaro@libero.it

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) patients show subtle upper limb control changes, even with normal exams. Impaired movement smoothness suggests compensatory strategies, not directly linked to MRI lesion load.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) can cause subtle sensorimotor deficits.
  • Standard neurological examinations may not detect early upper limb functional impairments in MS and CIS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate upper limb motor control in MS and CIS subjects with normal neurological examinations.
  • To investigate the relationship between upper limb motor performance and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion load.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects with MS and CIS performed center-out reaching movements under conditions with and without hand vision.
  • Movement kinematics were recorded using a digitizing tablet.
  • Motor performance was correlated with lesion load determined by MRI.

Main Results:

  • MS and CIS subjects exhibited significantly less smooth movements and a less symmetric speed profile when hand vision was available.
  • These observed motor impairments did not correlate with MRI-determined lesion load.

Conclusions:

  • Subtle alterations in sensorimotor control affect upper limb function in early MS and CIS.
  • The findings suggest the presence of compensatory strategies in response to subclinical sensorimotor deficits.
  • Upper limb kinematic analysis may reveal functional impairments missed by standard neurological exams.