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Adsorption Isotherms I

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Adsorption isotherms are mathematical models that describe how molecules in a gas or liquid phase interact with surfaces. Two of the most common isotherm models are the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which relate to Type I monolayer chemisorption. The Langmuir model is based on four key assumptions:• Adsorption cannot exceed monolayer coverage.• All surface sites are equivalent.• Molecules adsorb only at vacant sites.• There are no interactions between adsorbed molecules.Consider the...

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Adsorption Isotherms II

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO₂ Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

Quantitative analysis of adsorbate concentrations by diffuse reflectance FT-IR.

Jinda Sirita¹, Sukon Phanichphant, Frederic C Meunier

¹CenTACat, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.

Analytical Chemistry

|April 20, 2007

Summary

Quantitative analysis of Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) data requires appropriate signal transformations. Absorbance is often best for surface concentration, especially with high reflectance, simplifying baseline corrections in catalysis.

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Area of Science:

Surface science
Catalysis
Spectroscopy

Background:

Quantitative analysis of Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) data is crucial for validating microkinetic models in catalysis.
Accurate determination of surface concentrations and reaction rate constants requires reliable interpretation of DRIFTS signals.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between adsorbate surface coverage and various signal transformations used in DRIFTS.
To determine the most appropriate function for quantitative analysis of DRIFTS data, focusing on absorbance and Kubelka-Munk transformations.

Main Methods:

Theoretical calculations were performed to analyze signal transformations.
Experimental validation involved studying CO adsorption on Pt/SiO2 and formate species on Pt/CeO2 using DRIFTS.
Comparison of absorbance (log 1/R') and Kubelka-Munk functions for representing surface concentration.

Main Results:

The absorbance function provides a linear representation of surface concentration for adsorbates with relative reflectance (R') > 60%.
The Kubelka-Munk function is more suitable for adsorbates exhibiting strong signal absorption (R' < 60%).
Absorbance offers simpler baseline correction for time-resolved DRIFTS data compared to other methods.

Conclusions:

Absorbance is the preferred function for quantitative DRIFTS analysis when surface signals are not excessively strong.
The choice of transformation depends on the adsorbate's signal strength and the specific analytical requirements.
Accurate DRIFTS data interpretation is essential for advancing microkinetic modeling in heterogeneous catalysis.